How does healthcare and EPS work for foreigners?

Colombia has a strong, affordable healthcare system. With a visa and cédula de extranjería you can join an EPS (the public-private insurer system) through a "plan contributivo", typically tied to income or paid privately. Many expats also buy a "medicina prepagada" plan for faster access to top private clinics. Private care out-of-pocket is also relatively cheap by US/EU standards for minor needs.